The person who modded my 2DS used a set of six wires that were connected to each other via a plug at the end. They soldered four onto the motherboard and plugged that directly into the computer. They didn't need to use an SD card. (At least, I don't think so. It's been a few years since I saw it happen.) When they turned on the 2DS to put CFW on it, it showed the exact same boot error as you would see in a hardmod guide. Then, they injected the custom firmware downloaded from
here. At the time, my 2DS was at the firmware version 11.8.0.