Not if you're testing on a 2DS
Simplified but still accurate explaination:
There's a "capture card" in the 3DS which is hooked up to the DS GPU. It records the output of the non-existant DS LCD, and stores the output in itself.
This "capture card" also has a built-in "matrix unit" which has the capability to apply filters to the output image, or even use it as an upscaler.
The CPU the 3DS games run on (ARM11) is in control of storing this captured image in VRAM, and uses the 3DS GPU (the PICA200) to draw it onto the screen, rotated (because on the 3DS both screens's top is actually on the left, so if you rotate your 3DS to the right, that's the right way up!).
What TWPatcher does, is patch Nintendo's original upscale filter with better ones, and for the widescreen patch it patches the GPU driver (named DMPGL, DMP being the company who makes the PICA200, and GL being OpenGL) to accomodate for the higher resolution output image from the "capture card".
As for rtcom, that's almost magic. Long story short, the real time clock (RTC) is sort of emulated, and hijacking it from ARM11 it's possible to exchange very small amounts of data between the ARM11 and ARM7. This is where the name comes from, RTC and COMmunication.