D
What would the safest place on earth be if the floor turned to lava?
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dont worry about overpopulation, Quebec is already underpopulated for its size
The lack of specificity, and presumed massive failure of ecosystems after such an event makes it a bit of a non question really.
Still we will try http://www.geo.umass.edu/courses/volcanology/Lava Flows.pdf reckons the average depth of lava flow of the basalt variety (which is apparently 90% of said flows) is 2-30m with a typical of 5-10m. 7.5m it is.
Temperature range in the flow-viscosity chart for basalt is between 1100C and about 1400C. Call it 1250C or for the sake of any resulting maths 1500K.
Do we assume a 7.5m rise or a 7.5m from the floor on down gets morphed into lava? For the former are we assuming extra mass appearing for this or somehow being extracted from the mantle or something?
If it is extra then basalt apparently clocks 3011 micrograms per cubic millimetre, 3.01g/cm^3 or 3011kg/m3 , or https://www.aqua-calc.com/page/density-table/substance/basalt-coma-and-blank-solid says 229.03 grains per US teaspoon, or 0.78 slugs per US gallon (and people tell me imperial units "just make sense and are useful to the normal person").
Earth is 510.1 million km² surface area (total) or a has 6371km radius. As the question is ambiguous here then we will assume the lot, else "deep ocean" is the easy answer and we are done -- any low ocean regions might be hooped but deep ocean should more or less equalise. Hope you like fish, plankton and sea birds, and have means to synthesise vitamins such a diet would leave you deficient in.
If it was to magically appear that extra mass would be a negligible on the radius but add if we assume spherical earth then
1.333333333×π×(6371000+7.5)^3
-
1.333333333×π×6371000^3
=
3.825488042×10¹⁵ m3 extra volume
*3011
1.151854449×10¹⁹ extra kg
https://www.universetoday.com/47217/earths-mass/
5.9736 x 10^24 kg
Not much difference in gravity then. Can't even be bothered to run the equation for that.
Temperature though might be interesting.
1.151854449×10¹⁹ kg + 1500 Kelvin to get back down to 293K (a delta of 1207K) plus as this is some form of solidification some kind of latent heat as well.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892687515301278 is "Thermo-physical properties of selected hard rocks and their relation to microwave-assisted comminution" and covers our good friend basalt.
Its specific heat capacity changes over the temperature range but no spike and I am going to assume 1J/gK and no phase change. Converting that into kilos and plugging it into the above gets you nearly the same number of joules (you are basically multiplying by 1.2)
That is a fair amount of energy. I will assume we pissed off someone with a Nicoll Dyson beam-
Still
https://scholarsandrogues.com/2013/05/09/csfe-heat-capacity-air-ocean/
5.95 x 10^21 J to raise the atmosphere by 1C, oceans are some 1000 times better. Probably going to have worse effects from the now burninated trees and animals.
So resulting temperature is not very interesting.
Turning the ocean into a massive steam pocket might be a bad thing as well. Mind you the possibly 1% thermal contraction over the range (1500K is a bit above the cut off of that paper) should lead to something interesting as far as it contracting and piecing off to fall to the ocean below.
One might also have to consider the leidenfrost effect (where a substance basically rides on a cushion of its own gas and makes boiling harder -- when you see water skittering across a hot plate or something this is that) but for the sake of simplicity. Such a thing might also make for rather humid conditions, and water vapour is a reasonable greenhouse gas as well.
Some kind of nuclear powered plane would be ideal for the duration of the cooling. Would a deep sea ocean liner suddenly 7.5m deep in lava likely survive in a useful way such that you could land on one and make it a good base of operations, alternatively high rise buildings in sea side citiesmight yield you something. You also have to stay afloat so if its hull is slag would it and would instead you want some ocean side tower block to make a base in.
Further ecological effects to contemplate would have to be the nitrogen cycle if all those nitrogen producing bacteria are not buried at best under a decent base of basalt, possibly oxygen (while plankton does some photosynthesis plants and trees do more).
While various flows and eruptions make for fertile locations at times I don't know if this would override that.
I have seen earthquake rated buildings but lava rated buildings is a new one. Wood is probably going to be hosed but steel might have something to say. Columnar buckling of a steel superstructure building subject to a one off raising of base to 1500K (or subject to that heat, such a heat being above the Curie temperature for any alloys likely seen in that and would definitely mess up any heat treatment done to it) as a function of height and geometry is something I will leave as an exercise to the reader. We are also back at are the foundations now lava or was there a lava pond teleported around/in the bottom 7.5m thing for this one. Such a thing would also influence whether you try for a seed vault as well -- every player of Populous knows you plant flowers to get rid of things when an angry god sends lava and you can not raise and lower land.
For fun I would contemplate what might happen to all those hills that could well be mountains now ( https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/707501/English-hill-reclassified-mountain-measuring-2cm-taller ), though measurement could get a bit tricky
Still we will try http://www.geo.umass.edu/courses/volcanology/Lava Flows.pdf reckons the average depth of lava flow of the basalt variety (which is apparently 90% of said flows) is 2-30m with a typical of 5-10m. 7.5m it is.
Temperature range in the flow-viscosity chart for basalt is between 1100C and about 1400C. Call it 1250C or for the sake of any resulting maths 1500K.
Do we assume a 7.5m rise or a 7.5m from the floor on down gets morphed into lava? For the former are we assuming extra mass appearing for this or somehow being extracted from the mantle or something?
If it is extra then basalt apparently clocks 3011 micrograms per cubic millimetre, 3.01g/cm^3 or 3011kg/m3 , or https://www.aqua-calc.com/page/density-table/substance/basalt-coma-and-blank-solid says 229.03 grains per US teaspoon, or 0.78 slugs per US gallon (and people tell me imperial units "just make sense and are useful to the normal person").
Earth is 510.1 million km² surface area (total) or a has 6371km radius. As the question is ambiguous here then we will assume the lot, else "deep ocean" is the easy answer and we are done -- any low ocean regions might be hooped but deep ocean should more or less equalise. Hope you like fish, plankton and sea birds, and have means to synthesise vitamins such a diet would leave you deficient in.
If it was to magically appear that extra mass would be a negligible on the radius but add if we assume spherical earth then
1.333333333×π×(6371000+7.5)^3
-
1.333333333×π×6371000^3
=
3.825488042×10¹⁵ m3 extra volume
*3011
1.151854449×10¹⁹ extra kg
https://www.universetoday.com/47217/earths-mass/
5.9736 x 10^24 kg
Not much difference in gravity then. Can't even be bothered to run the equation for that.
Temperature though might be interesting.
1.151854449×10¹⁹ kg + 1500 Kelvin to get back down to 293K (a delta of 1207K) plus as this is some form of solidification some kind of latent heat as well.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892687515301278 is "Thermo-physical properties of selected hard rocks and their relation to microwave-assisted comminution" and covers our good friend basalt.
Its specific heat capacity changes over the temperature range but no spike and I am going to assume 1J/gK and no phase change. Converting that into kilos and plugging it into the above gets you nearly the same number of joules (you are basically multiplying by 1.2)
That is a fair amount of energy. I will assume we pissed off someone with a Nicoll Dyson beam-
Still
https://scholarsandrogues.com/2013/05/09/csfe-heat-capacity-air-ocean/
5.95 x 10^21 J to raise the atmosphere by 1C, oceans are some 1000 times better. Probably going to have worse effects from the now burninated trees and animals.
So resulting temperature is not very interesting.
Turning the ocean into a massive steam pocket might be a bad thing as well. Mind you the possibly 1% thermal contraction over the range (1500K is a bit above the cut off of that paper) should lead to something interesting as far as it contracting and piecing off to fall to the ocean below.
One might also have to consider the leidenfrost effect (where a substance basically rides on a cushion of its own gas and makes boiling harder -- when you see water skittering across a hot plate or something this is that) but for the sake of simplicity. Such a thing might also make for rather humid conditions, and water vapour is a reasonable greenhouse gas as well.
Some kind of nuclear powered plane would be ideal for the duration of the cooling. Would a deep sea ocean liner suddenly 7.5m deep in lava likely survive in a useful way such that you could land on one and make it a good base of operations, alternatively high rise buildings in sea side citiesmight yield you something. You also have to stay afloat so if its hull is slag would it and would instead you want some ocean side tower block to make a base in.
Further ecological effects to contemplate would have to be the nitrogen cycle if all those nitrogen producing bacteria are not buried at best under a decent base of basalt, possibly oxygen (while plankton does some photosynthesis plants and trees do more).
While various flows and eruptions make for fertile locations at times I don't know if this would override that.
I have seen earthquake rated buildings but lava rated buildings is a new one. Wood is probably going to be hosed but steel might have something to say. Columnar buckling of a steel superstructure building subject to a one off raising of base to 1500K (or subject to that heat, such a heat being above the Curie temperature for any alloys likely seen in that and would definitely mess up any heat treatment done to it) as a function of height and geometry is something I will leave as an exercise to the reader. We are also back at are the foundations now lava or was there a lava pond teleported around/in the bottom 7.5m thing for this one. Such a thing would also influence whether you try for a seed vault as well -- every player of Populous knows you plant flowers to get rid of things when an angry god sends lava and you can not raise and lower land.
For fun I would contemplate what might happen to all those hills that could well be mountains now ( https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/707501/English-hill-reclassified-mountain-measuring-2cm-taller ), though measurement could get a bit tricky
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You could “accidentally” trip into the lava. I infiltrate my local church every Sunday(I go to keep my grandma company) and never really hear them talk about the topic of committing suicide not allowing you into heaven. As long as you confess your sins and your serious about it and then I would say you would be alright and God forgives you.
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Not the floor, I can tell you that much.
If floor turns into lava, the safest place would be a volcano imo . Because if the floor turns into lava,then the lava will turn into floor?
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It is at this point I would contemplate the number of active volcanoes, surface area of either opening or slice of magma chamber, and compare it to the values previously determined. Either way though pillars of floor extending out far enough to match volume would a) make the earth look like pinhead, b) collapse under their own weight and c) likely be outside the atmosphere. Even if I was generous and added active lava flow areas into it all it would still not be an ideal thing.Equivalent exchange lava.
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