like explained already, it is data corruption not bricked, if it was bricked it won't operate in normal mean, like if the 3DS got software bricked, prior to NTRbootHax you need a NAND backup, and hard mod to fix it, in term of hard brick, like apply voltage to data port on hard modded 3DS, MCU brick etc, meaning the system is totally unfixable even using NTRboothax.
The Wii U example is another good example of brick, if you have CBHC installed, and you removed the account that is associated with the purchase of the game used for the exploit you get a brick, only way to get out of that loop is hard modding the unit and having a NAND backup prior to brick.
In your case it doesn't sound like file corruption, if you plug the SD into the computer and the computer said there is a file corruption, and want to scan to fix it, typically bad/cheap SD can lead to file corruption.