DLC- copy it to the /partition3/content/0000000000000000/ directory (it will come as two further folders-
http://360.kingla.com/ has a nice enough list) and make sure you have a title update that supports the DLC (it might come with the DLC download but otherwise you can find them in many places). Same idea for XBLA games.
Title updates
Copy whatever one you want (no need to stack them) to /partition3/cache (or I suppose you could use a USB drive "formatted" for 360 purposes but don't do that unless you can justify it).
http://www.xbuc.net/ is the place most go to get title updates but it seems to be down at time of posting.
You can patch a title update onto the xex file of the game but nobody really does that.
Xexmenu alternatives. A couple but for most it is a split between xexmenu and freestyle dash. Where xexmenu is largely text driven and no nonsense freestyle dash has nice pictures and some options.
Worth knowing... the 360 much like the original xbox when hacked revolves around FTP. You can get it done with USB but FTP is what everything is geared towards. Xexmenu, freestyle dash and most 360 content programs (like XM360- a tool for unlocking XBLA and DLC should you have a locked version- say a friend has a demo on their machine, get it on yours and you can unlock it for your JTAG machine) will have FTP support.
I assume you know how to update you dash when a new hacked one comes out (
http://gbatemp.net/t296530-updating-a-xbox-360-xbr-8955 has a rough guide to some of the trickier stuff although you might be able to dodge that), on that subject dash launch is a program you want to compliment that as dashlaunch is mostly what brings all the nice things JTAG 360s have (although patches from there tend to get ported over to mainline freeboot).
Oh yeah original xbox stuff. I still suggest you get an original xbox and hack that but if you must the xbox emulator for the 360 has been hacked and allows you to do a little bit more than the official emulator.
XBLA, DLC and homebrew covered.
Title updates covered
Launching programs covered.
Freeboot updates covered as well as dashlaunch.
Original xbox stuff mentioned at least.
I think that is everything.