Your 3ds won break whether you use us,eu,jp,etc socket charger. They all have the same output, however, you might want to check the inputs. The charger might (it will) break if the charger is designed for 110V and you plug it on a 220V. Frequency is also a factor, if the charger is designed to take 50Hz, and you plug it in a socket which gives 60Hz, your charger will eventually break (not instantly, but sooner or later it will burn out).
Ps. I'm an electrical engineer.
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