Thanks a lot for testing this and for the detailed notes — this is genuinely useful.
The important detail is that the refresh counter stopped completely and B/Y did nothing. That's not the "it's just retrying" behavior — it means the tool is stuck waiting on the cartridge itself and can't even poll the buttons.
The 82M-refresh run was one failure mode; the frozen-at-277 (and 193/73/19) hangs are a different one, and the decreasing numbers across reseats suggest the cartridge is progressively failing to respond.
To answer your question directly: if the refresh count doesn't change for ~60 seconds, it is hung and waiting longer won't help. You can stop it.
We're working on a timeout for the cartridge read path so it can't sit there forever, and so it reports a bad cartridge instead of freezing.
Before that, a few things would really help us:
1. Can GodMode9 read this cartridge at all through other paths? E.g. browse the gamecart drive, or try dumping any file from it. Does it also hang, or does a dump complete?
2. Do you have a known-good cartridge (or another game) to test with? Does the fixer / verify complete normally on it? We want to be sure a timeout won't hurt normal reads.
3. When it's stuck, is the refresh counter completely frozen (unchanged for 60s+)? Does the screen still redraw anything, or is everything frozen? And does the POWER button still shut it down normally?
4. How fast does it hang now — seconds after starting? Is it always on the first file in the EXEFS step?
Thank you very much for your feedback!