Almost a year ago I discussed a tangent of this topic: if third party docks could kill a Switch.
The official dock by itself doesn't give more wattage, but a more "reliable" and steady one. That's why the Switch always complains about using the original charger with the dock. A lot of different USB-C cables should work with docks in general, but most of the time it depends if the third party dock has the microcontroller to regulate how to deliver energy to the Switch. That's why a couple years ago some docks bricked consoles (Insignia is one brand I recall doing it), since those lack the PD microcontroller. If you're using a third party dock with an unproper PD microcontroller, plus a not PD USB-C, you most likely will brick your Switch in a near future.
Regarding your issue, it's possible that the console isn't receiving proper energy depending on a number of factors: the quality of the USB cable delivering power to the dock, the dock by itself, and the properties of the outlet and the electrical wiring. But also is important to understand that some (if not most) third party docks can induse latency, or even a bad HDMI cable could. There's a lot of possibilities with this, even the console not cooling properly depending on the form of the dock.