As for the second question actually I am not sure what there is for a soft DS firmware flash (hardware is sorted by ppflash-
http://www.darkfader.net/ds/ ) as nobody in the general public as it were really ever had cause to do it*- the obvious thing to look at would be either the flashme installer or the FWNitro installer to see if you could piggyback onto that but I am not sure what goes there.
*if you were developing a firmware (to my knowledge all of three different ones have ever been made) then you already know more than is necessary and the only other thing would have been parasyte to work around Nintendo banning him.