I have wondered the same thing in the past although I guess it was just that softmods took those who would be inclined to play such games out of the picture.
A note though: the dumps might have been done but most programmable chips will feature some basic encryption meaning you can not "clone" a chip (the dump is essentially useless). I am not sure how the original programmers would have played it but the rest of the post will assume it is not encrypted.
Still I will offer a few lines on the chips themselves:
It appears to be double side "through" board with surface mounted stuff for the most part. It sounds like a lot and indeed if it was a more modern/complex device it would be horrific to try and reverse engineer but it appears you lucked out here.
The reverse side looks to be nothing more than a few joins.
Most pins seem to be not connected.
The resistors are basic resistors in the ohms range (121 -> 12*10^1= 120.... 010 = 1 ohm by similar method)
The brown banded devices look like ferrite beads and the others are obviously LEDs.
The chip itself appears to come in a few different packages of which one will surely have a readily available socket.
In the end it might be more like $10 and a hour or so from parts on desk to installed in GC but yeah it is possible it seems. You could probably even get away with a bit of stripboard/Veroboard even.