It's kinda simple, but complicated to explain. it all comes down to amps. USB is always 5 volts, with very few exceptions. Amps however can be as low as 500 mAh to more than 2.5 Ah. With electronics you always want the volts to be what the device asks for. safer to be a little under than over. But with amps you always want them to be a little higher than lower than the specs ask for. You could be a little higher with the volts and a little under with the amps, but there can be tricky math involved, so please do your homework before you try working on a project before you try using different voltage and amps.
if a device needs 1.0 Amp and you only provide 500 (.5) mAmp the device will try to pull 1 Amp anyways. When that happens the weakest thinnest wire, trace, or component will overheat and let that magic smoke out. That could be the power supply, or the device pulling the Amps. If your power supply provides more amps than the device asks for it's ok. The device will only pull what it needs.
Now, there are some components like LED's that use so little power that there is virtually no resistance. so if you hook an LED up to a battery with no resistor you have a short. The LED will be the weakest component and therefore it will burn out. Poof! magic smoke released.
The longer the wire from your power source to the device pulling it has more resistance. so if you bought a really long USB cord (you really should not use one longer than 3 feet for any device to be safe) and it also had a 56k resistor there would be far to much resistance and that would mean you would not be supplying enough power to the device. So as long as your cord is 3 feet or shorter and it has a 56k resistor then you are fine.
A power only USB cable does just that. it only has wires connected to the traces in the USB connector that supplies power. A data transfer cable has all of the wires hooked up for data AND power. It can be used by hooking it up to a PC, or to a power supply AS LONG AS IT PROVIDES ENOUGH AMP's. The switch requires 3 Amps. Not very many phone chargers provide that much. Even a raspberry pi wall charger only provides 2.5 Amps. So another reason to get a data USB cable is when you hook it up to a PC the device will make a "handshake" with the PC and will know not to try and pull that much power. some wall chargers can do this, but not many. so don't try it.
I hope this helps and doesn't just confuse you even more. I have been repairing electronics half my life and this shit still hurts my head sometimes.