You could try to redownload and reinstall the failed title. In case that doesn't work cause of not enough free space anymore connect through FTP (FTPiiU Aroma plugin, don't forget to enable access to all storages) and delete the storage_mlc:/install folder (NUSspli will Just recreate it but take care to not do anything else as messing with MLC/NAND can brick your Wii U). In case that still isn't enough to reinstall the title (which should clean up the rest) I will have to look for a simple way to clear deeper folders used while installing.
//EDIT: Also look into the Wii Us settings -> Data Management -> Internal Storage, it might tell you that there is garbage ready for cleanup which should be all except the install folder (but no guarantees on that).
//EDIT2: Also are you sure there is even garbage? The Wii Us filesystem sometimes does rollbacks after a sudden power loss to prevent data corruption.
//EDIT3: NUSspli btw downloads to the install folder, then the Wii U installs from there to kind of a temporary folder, deleting the files in the install folder while reading them and then finally it moves from that temp folder to the final destination.
//EDIT4: Lastly reboot the Wii U between each cleaning attempt and looking at the free space as there's some free space cache in the Wii Us operaring system which does not always get updated, esp with async I/O like FTPiiU. A reboot deletes the cache and forces the Wii U to recalculate it.