I assume you have seen some rom editors in the past offer such a feature- in reality they just add a little flag somewhere in the rom that the editor checks and the rom could not care less about. Any partway competent hacker can work around this to get the editor working again (check "protect", make change, save, uncheck protect, make same change, save, compare files and bam you have your flag position, might have to repeat a few times if the editor uses multiple "protect" points or false flags). This is also a program level protection- someone makes another editor (or uses an older version) it does not have to accept the flag and things can carry on.
Your only real option is to allow you to "prove" such a thing- lots of DS files and formats have lots of blank space buried in them that does nothing. Add NsmB_PrO to various parts of these blank spaces and anybody that half inches your work will be able to be found out. Again not ideal and easily worked around but there are few other options.
You probably could pervert the compression used or otherwise encrypt things in the rom but I sense this is going to be somewhat outside your skillset- if you had to ask how.........
Personally I say do not even bother with trying to protect it- you know you did some work, those that matter probably know you did some work and anybody that edits it might even make something better (in case you missed it the entirety of rom hacking is about making existing works better).
Edit- on second thoughts you might be able to exploit a difference between the editor assumptions and the rom proper- simply due to the way the numbers work out certain points in the file are always in the same place (the start of various sections for instance) but they are pointed at in the initial or section headers anyway*. You might be able to change this and if the editor has assumed they always will be in the same place it will then fall over. Again any competent hacker will see what you have done and work around it in ten seconds but the editor types might have a bit more trouble.
*
http://llref.emutalk.net/nds_formats.htm#Generic and some of the stuff at
http://llref.emutalk.net/v2/docs.php should provide a rough overview.
edit2- it will not stop someone simply lifting your data and adding it to theirs but in one of the later versions (it is all up on filetrip) crystaltile2 added a rom intro feature (adding an intro to a rom).
I should also say should someone come around these parts asking for help to bypass some protections they probably will get it.