I didn't know what word to use to denote something that was standalone by definition, because everything else carries some kind of implication (turns out "cupboard" does as well): both "closet" and "wardrobe" are usually built in or even walk-in, "shelves" are mounted on the wall and not an item of furniture, nobody owns an armoire, and "chest of drawers" is something out of a Victorian novel. Googling "cupboard" brings up what I had in mind but turns out it's only used for, well, cups.
Anyway, there is very little furniture these days with -porous- upholstery that can't be removed and washed/disinfected/boiled to hell and back. Nobody in their right mind will buy furniture that can't be cleaned. And there's a ton of furniture that isn't upholstered, desks, tables, nightstands, coffee tables, occasional tables, non-built-in closets, non-walk-in wardrobes, standing shelves, and armoires. Armchairs and office chairs are pretty much the only ones these days with permanent stains, and with office chairs they're more likely to be Cheeto.