While I doubt they use the same exploits every time, they do have a lot of exploits that they don't make public. While chpwn may have jailbroken his iPhone, it's probably still extremely buggy, and were likely months away from a user-end tool. Also, keep in mind that chpwn is a developer, so he has the ability to test things on his devices that most people can't, so while he may have jailbroken his iPhone, he may have done so through methods regular users don't have access to. If I recall correctly, pod2g, MuscleNerd, and the gang who concocted the Rocky Racoon [sic] jailbreak for 5.1.1 did that and were struggling to find a way to break out of the sandbox for a while, so it delayed the public release of the jailbreak by a few weeks.
So while this news is cool, it really doesn't mean much. We know that exploits are there, but we're not sure if all the exploits that are required are there, and we have no idea how far away we are from a public release. Historically, it's taken 3-5 months to fully jailbreak new firmware revisions without bootrom-level exploits in a way everyone can reproduce.
The thing is iPhone 5 uses a brand new A6 chip. The A5 devices took very long to be jailbroken.
Well, not really. The iPad 2 was jailbroken not long after its release (by multiple devs, no less), but it did take a full 3 months for a user-end tool to be released that allowed everyone to jailbreak theirs.
EDIT: To be more precise, the iPad 2 was jailbroken by both comex and ion1c within 2 weeks after its public release.