But I see nothing to solder it to under where the pad was. I'm pretty sure it was a micro-via or something. Anyway, that old system is only good for spare parts.
Did you try the alternate CLK though? That's what I'm using. And not being an EE, I'm not sure why there are 3 points in a series for the CLK on that side or if it matters that you used the one that you used, vice the one on the left (I know the OP suggests to, I'm just sayin'). Anyway, I can say the single large point on the other side of the board works.
And continuity isn't always a good indicator. When I was (stupidly) using the power connector for ground, my ground wire seemed to have continuity from the SD card adapter to all shielding and every ground point. Certainly didn't work with power applied though. I might be one of the reasons why this was added to the OP: