Homebrew Question How to display an image using SLD_Surface in Switch Devkit pro SDL2

stark2022 · Jul 23, 2021

Hello everyone. I'm a beginner in home brew development. I have setup my environment and able to build some simple SDL2 switch apps which display a rectangle. Now I want to display an image using
SDL_LoadBMP() I have a bmp image and also made romfs folder and made necessary changes to make file. It compiles successfully stating

But when I drop that .nro image in Yuzu it crashes.
Here is my code

Code:

#include<iostream>
#include<SDL2/SDL.h>
#include<switch.h>

int main()
{

     SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK);
     SDL_Window* Window = SDL_CreateWindow("HelloWorld",0,0,500,500,SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
     SDL_Renderer* Renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(Window,0,SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED|SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);

   

  /*   for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        if (SDL_JoystickOpen(i) == NULL) {
            SDL_Log("SDL_JoystickOpen: %s\n", SDL_GetError());
            SDL_Quit();
            return -1;
        }
    }*/

    SDL_Rect ballrect;
    ballrect.x = 20;
    ballrect.y = 30;
    ballrect.h = 50;
    ballrect.w = 50;
    SDL_Surface* ball = SDL_LoadBMP("resources/ball.bmp");
    SDL_Texture* balltexture = SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(Renderer,ball);
    SDL_RenderCopy(Renderer,balltexture,NULL,&ballrect);

    while(1)
    {
        SDL_RenderPresent(Renderer);
    }
    SDL_DestroyRenderer(Renderer);
    SDL_DestroyWindow(Window);
    SDL_Quit();

    return 0;
}

Here is my Make file which I took from example and added romfs line

Code:

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
.SUFFIXES:
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ifeq ($(strip $(DEVKITPRO)),)
$(error "Please set DEVKITPRO in your environment. export DEVKITPRO=<path to>/devkitpro")
endif

TOPDIR ?= $(CURDIR)
include $(DEVKITPRO)/libnx/switch_rules

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# TARGET is the name of the output
# BUILD is the directory where object files & intermediate files will be placed
# SOURCES is a list of directories containing source code
# DATA is a list of directories containing data files
# INCLUDES is a list of directories containing header files
# ROMFS is the directory containing data to be added to RomFS, relative to the Makefile (Optional)
#
# NO_ICON: if set to anything, do not use icon.
# NO_NACP: if set to anything, no .nacp file is generated.
# APP_TITLE is the name of the app stored in the .nacp file (Optional)
# APP_AUTHOR is the author of the app stored in the .nacp file (Optional)
# APP_VERSION is the version of the app stored in the .nacp file (Optional)
# APP_TITLEID is the titleID of the app stored in the .nacp file (Optional)
# ICON is the filename of the icon (.jpg), relative to the project folder.
#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
#     - <Project name>.jpg
#     - icon.jpg
#     - <libnx folder>/default_icon.jpg
#
# CONFIG_JSON is the filename of the NPDM config file (.json), relative to the project folder.
#   If not set, it attempts to use one of the following (in this order):
#     - <Project name>.json
#     - config.json
#   If a JSON file is provided or autodetected, an ExeFS PFS0 (.nsp) is built instead
#   of a homebrew executable (.nro). This is intended to be used for sysmodules.
#   NACP building is skipped as well.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TARGET      :=  $(notdir $(CURDIR))
BUILD       :=  build
SOURCES     :=  source
DATA        :=  data
INCLUDES    :=  include
ROMFS       :=  romfs

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# options for code generation
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ARCH    :=  -march=armv8-a+crc+crypto -mtune=cortex-a57 -mtp=soft -fPIE

CFLAGS  :=  -g -Wall -O2 -ffunction-sections \
            $(ARCH) $(DEFINES)

CFLAGS  +=  -D__SWITCH__ $(INCLUDE) `sdl2-config --cflags`

CXXFLAGS    := $(CFLAGS) -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions

ASFLAGS :=  -g $(ARCH)
LDFLAGS =   -specs=$(DEVKITPRO)/libnx/switch.specs -g $(ARCH) -Wl,-Map,$(notdir $*.map)

LIBS    :=  `sdl2-config --libs`

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# list of directories containing libraries, this must be the top level containing
# include and lib
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
LIBDIRS := $(PORTLIBS) $(LIBNX)


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# no real need to edit anything past this point unless you need to add additional
# rules for different file extensions
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ifneq ($(BUILD),$(notdir $(CURDIR)))
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

export OUTPUT   :=  $(CURDIR)/$(TARGET)
export TOPDIR   :=  $(CURDIR)

export VPATH    :=  $(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
            $(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(CURDIR)/$(dir))

export DEPSDIR  :=  $(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)

CFILES      :=  $(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c)))
CPPFILES    :=  $(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp)))
SFILES      :=  $(foreach dir,$(SOURCES),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.s)))
BINFILES    :=  $(foreach dir,$(DATA),$(notdir $(wildcard $(dir)/*.*)))

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# use CXX for linking C++ projects, CC for standard C
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ifeq ($(strip $(CPPFILES)),)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    export LD   :=  $(CC)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
else
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    export LD   :=  $(CXX)
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
endif
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

export OFILES_BIN   :=  $(addsuffix .o,$(BINFILES))
export OFILES_SRC   :=  $(CPPFILES:.cpp=.o) $(CFILES:.c=.o) $(SFILES:.s=.o)
export OFILES   :=  $(OFILES_BIN) $(OFILES_SRC)
export HFILES_BIN   :=  $(addsuffix .h,$(subst .,_,$(BINFILES)))

export INCLUDE  :=  $(foreach dir,$(INCLUDES),-I$(CURDIR)/$(dir)) \
            $(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-I$(dir)/include) \
            -I$(CURDIR)/$(BUILD)

export LIBPATHS :=  $(foreach dir,$(LIBDIRS),-L$(dir)/lib)

ifeq ($(strip $(CONFIG_JSON)),)
    jsons := $(wildcard *.json)
    ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).json,$(jsons)))
        export APP_JSON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).json
    else
        ifneq (,$(findstring config.json,$(jsons)))
            export APP_JSON := $(TOPDIR)/config.json
        endif
    endif
else
    export APP_JSON := $(TOPDIR)/$(CONFIG_JSON)
endif

ifeq ($(strip $(ICON)),)
    icons := $(wildcard *.jpg)
    ifneq (,$(findstring $(TARGET).jpg,$(icons)))
        export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(TARGET).jpg
    else
        ifneq (,$(findstring icon.jpg,$(icons)))
            export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/icon.jpg
        endif
    endif
else
    export APP_ICON := $(TOPDIR)/$(ICON)
endif

ifeq ($(strip $(NO_ICON)),)
    export NROFLAGS += --icon=$(APP_ICON)
endif

ifeq ($(strip $(NO_NACP)),)
    export NROFLAGS += --nacp=$(CURDIR)/$(TARGET).nacp
endif

ifneq ($(APP_TITLEID),)
    export NACPFLAGS += --titleid=$(APP_TITLEID)
endif

ifneq ($(ROMFS),)
    export NROFLAGS += --romfsdir=$(CURDIR)/$(ROMFS)
endif

.PHONY: $(BUILD) clean all

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
all: $(BUILD)

$(BUILD):
    @[ -d $@ ] || mkdir -p $@
    @$(MAKE) --no-print-directory -C $(BUILD) -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
clean:
    @echo clean ...
ifeq ($(strip $(APP_JSON)),)
    @rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).nro $(TARGET).nacp $(TARGET).elf
else
    @rm -fr $(BUILD) $(TARGET).nsp $(TARGET).nso $(TARGET).npdm $(TARGET).elf
endif


#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
else
.PHONY: all

DEPENDS :=  $(OFILES:.o=.d)

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# main targets
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ifeq ($(strip $(APP_JSON)),)

all :   $(OUTPUT).nro

ifeq ($(strip $(NO_NACP)),)
$(OUTPUT).nro   :   $(OUTPUT).elf $(OUTPUT).nacp
else
$(OUTPUT).nro   :   $(OUTPUT).elf
endif

else

all :   $(OUTPUT).nsp

$(OUTPUT).nsp   :   $(OUTPUT).nso $(OUTPUT).npdm

$(OUTPUT).nso   :   $(OUTPUT).elf

endif

$(OUTPUT).elf   :   $(OFILES)

$(OFILES_SRC)   : $(HFILES_BIN)

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# you need a rule like this for each extension you use as binary data
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%.bin.o %_bin.h :   %.bin
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    @echo $(notdir $<)
    @$(bin2o)

-include $(DEPENDS)

#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
endif
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

And here is my project folder structure

As you can see I'm having an image inside romfs/resources folder. But my Emu crashes whenever I load this .nro file. Please guide me as I'm a beginner.

vhs · Jul 23, 2021

You need to initialize the romfs subsystem to be able to access files in the folder.
Like this:

Code:

#include<iostream>
#include<SDL2/SDL.h>
#include<switch.h>

int main()
{

    SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK);
    SDL_Window* Window = SDL_CreateWindow("HelloWorld",0,0,500,500,SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
    SDL_Renderer* Renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(Window,0,SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED|SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);

    Result rc = romfsInit();

  
    // ...snip...
}

Hope this helps !

stark2022 · Jul 26, 2021

vhs said:

You need to initialize the romfs subsystem to be able to access files in the folder.
Like this:

Code:

#include<iostream>
#include<SDL2/SDL.h>
#include<switch.h>

int main()
{

    SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK);
    SDL_Window* Window = SDL_CreateWindow("HelloWorld",0,0,500,500,SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
    SDL_Renderer* Renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(Window,0,SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED|SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC);

    Result rc = romfsInit();

 
    // ...snip...
}

Hope this helps !

Thanks It works

Homebrew Question How to display an image using SLD_Surface in Switch Devkit pro SDL2

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