Ah, but it is both chess and a board game. That's what the 棋 Kanji in 圍棋 means; chess. The game actually originated from China and has been been played since the dynasties when Japan was still sending scholars into China to learn their culture. But over time, the Japanese came up with their own simplified name 囲碁 (囲 is Japan's simplified Kanji for 圍) just like they have with many other foreign things. Now that Go isn't so common in China, people usually associate it with Japan whenever they hear the name. However, in China, you can still hear the elderly asking, "Do you want a game of chess?" and this is what they would be referring to.