When a name has an underscore at the end of it then it is usually an indication of compression (no idea why devs choose to indicate it like that but they do), and if that was not enough then 10ZL in brackets makes me fairly sure it is (10 is a common type of compression and zl is LZ backwards which is the type of compression most commonly used on the DS).
With that in mind
nsbmd is the DS 3d format (it is somewhat related to the bmd0 stuff from the GC and Wii)
nsbca is 3d animations if memory serves.
Taking a look at the files in question. It does seem to be a slightly custom form of compression, I have to wonder if someone did not screw up a compression encoder somewhere and have it write ASCII instead of hex at the start of the file. Looking past that the rest do seem to be standard 3d formats or whatever the other formats might be.
None of the obvious tweaks seemed to work with Cue's LZSS tool so I have to wonder about the compression flags later. Manually decoding a custom compression is not my idea of a good Saturday evening though, however I have a vague recollection that someone tackled this before.
If someone else is having to start from scratch there are some smaller files that it might be nicer to hand decode though, osu_text.ntfp_ being a good start. Edit. Also Crystaltile2 will note the ones encoded in normal LZ where this custom stuff will have the underscore in the name but no icon to match.