GB and GBC carts don't work because the z80 processor that handled them is completely missing in the DS. The GBA and GBA SP had both the ARM7 processor and the z80 processor inside, but for the Gameboy Micro and DS they took it out to save space.
The only possible hardware solution I can think of is the GB Bridge, but I don't think it'll fit into a DS correctly. You'd need an old-fashioned Flash2Advance cartridge to use it anyway.