I can say whether I like or dislike a particular cup of coffee but can't describe it's flavors in detail.
Same as you, I'm not overly fond of the more 'floral' notes. I prefer my coffee to taste more earthy and carbon-yFloral and fruity notes are really not my cup of... well, coffee, I suppose. But I can taste them and make a valiant attempt at describing them. I guess it's a lifetime of dark roast robusta blends where the only "notes" are burnt caramel, burnt cocoa, and burnt car tires, but anything more light and fruity stands out by a mile. I can still taste that one coffee a friend brought me that was like getting slapped in the face with a bag of overripe rhubarb.
The best way to detect "notes" is to taste the coffee side by side with your usual brew, so you detect the differences more acutely. Light to medium roast brings them out more, dark roast evaporates/burns away the volatile flavor compounds.
You also need to dial it in to bring out certain flavors but that's a whole science in itself (finer/coarser grind, brew time, etc.).