The problem with nuclear power is mostly twofold.Nuclear power is the future. It is the only route that puts us toward becoming a type 1 civilization and moving up the Kardashev scale.
Here is the elephant in the room;
Plans for safe & clean nuclear plants exist and are totally viable, the problem is governments are not interested in these because they don't produce weapons grade material.
- You get waste material that no one wants to store. To understand that, you have to understand, that typical state confiscation or redeclaration of land is set up for 100 years max. The half-life time of uranium is 4468 billion years. So guaranteeing what 'happens' to it is something nobody can. If you are negotiating with other states to 'take over' your waste problem, they come to that conclusion pretty quickly - so no one really wants to be 'known' as or own the end storage place for that waste. Even if you fill it into empty salines (mountains), those storage places get full. Because everyone has a tendency to ignore it, you cant move it from there (usually stored in steel barrels that eventually rot away). So over time, it simply becomes too much of a problem. Dump it into the ocean also isnt the solution, because that stuff moves.
- All powerplants are built to specifications for a certain 'lifespan'. Towards the end of life, whoever runs the thing usually is incentivized to cut costs. Coupled with the risk profile on those things, thats not a great thing to face. So if you make that issue too structural - you are bound to have something happen at some point.
Running nuclear reactors regardless of the aim to generate weapongrade material is common place already. The discussion about that capability is only highlighted in debates with countries that dont have nuclear weapons capability yet. The race to nuclear weapon capability in certain nations is held, because it promises you a seat at the big table, where you arent pushed around by world powers as much anymore. Usually because of risk mitigation. Depending on if the US feel hawkish or not in their foreign policy trajectory that decade.
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There are countries like France or Japan, that will to a large extent bet on nuclear power for quite a while still (usually because of a lack of alternatives) (population vs. energycosts vs. alternatives). But in general it is not expected that many other nations will make big investments along those lines. Its definitely talked about as a way to lessen the 'renewable energy is not reliable throughout the day/you cant easily turn it off and on (loadbalancing)' issue, but governments usually dont like it too much because they'd have to explain it to people as well.
edit: Roughly: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200309-are-small-nuclear-power-plants-safe-and-efficient
Last edited by notimp,